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Introduction Basic Considerations Elements of a Theory Sucking Force Summary References

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The basic idea of understanding all these phenomena is the superposition of electromagnetic fields, in particular biophotons, in a way that during biologically relevant time intervals within biologically relevant structures, interference patterns of destructive and constructive interference are built up that "organize" the movement and activity of the biomolecules within and between the cell populations (Fig. 5).

The idea of this paper is destructive interference of incoming and reflected wave at a non-linearly polarizable double layer. As a consequence, in the inside constructive interference takes place.

In order to explain this, let us start with a simple example. An optically allowed transition of a molecule within a cell has a typical transition time of some nanoseconds. As is well known, this decay time is also the coherence time [9], since within this time interval no breakdown of the phase relations takes place in the travelling wave packet. After this time interval the light may have passed already a distance of about 10 cm which is large compared to the size of a cell. This means that our picture of localized photons within cells does not reflect the truth. Rather, in reality a molecule in the optically dense matter of a cell does react to the phases of oscillatory electromagnetic fields like a boat in the sea swinging on the waves rather than absorbing locally single light quanta. Actually, absorbance and emission of photons is then a quite non-local event based on probability distributions with a rather rare chance for a definite local event. Consequently, it is unlikely that specific molecules are responsible for biophoton emission: In addition, it is impossible that the phase relations of biophotons get lost within the domain of a cell that always provides even for chaotic light the classical coherence volume.

As Dicke pointed out about 40 years ago [10], it is even wrong to suggest that a photon field is completely chaotic as soon as the density of the matter under consideration is high compared to the reciprocal of the coherence volume of the photon field under consideration, or, in other words, as soon as the wavelength is small compared with the mean distance of the possible absorbers. As a result, the picture of spontaneous chaotic radiation of ordinary photo-biochemistry has to be corrected. In contrast to the ordinary model of a chaotic field, the Dicke model predicts the significance of interference patterns within the volume under investigation. The Dicke-condition is obviously fulfilled in the case of living matter where, for instance, the distances between neighboured base pairs of the DNA are some Angstrom units compared to about 5000Å of the wavelength of the light under study. From the classical point of view and even more accurately from the quantum description, the Dicke theory forces us to take account of a significantly high degree of coherence of biophotons within living matter. We therefore have reasons to assume that the photons within a cell culminate up to a field of almost full coherence to such an extent that it can be truthfully described in terms of eigenstates of the annihilation operator representing then a fully coherent field.

Experimental evidence has been given mainly by two reproducable and generally valid results of biophoton experiments on all living systems.

1. There is almost perfect agreement between the photocount statistics of biophotons and a Poissonian distribution, for both stationary and dynamic fields, e.g. the relaxation of reemission of light from the living system after illumination with external light [11,12].
2. The hyperbolic character of the function that describes the relaxation process of "delayed luminescence" after exposure of the system to external excitation, irrespective of whether white light, monochromatic light, or other kinds of electromagnetic or mechanical energy are applied [11 - 15].

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