iib@lifescientists.de
Prof. Dr. Fritz-Albert Popp Who We Are and What We Do Brief Curricula of Principal Investigators: Fritz-Albert Popp Sophie Cohen Ke-shue Li Marco Bischof Yu Yan Development of Biophotons Definition of Biophotons Research Facilities Development and Commercial Projects References Internet Publication: Molecular Base of Life Consciousness as Evolutionary Process based on Coherent States Nonlocal effects of biophoton emission from the human body Evidence of Non-Classical (Squeezed) Light in Biological Systems Delayed Luminescence of Biological Systems in Terms of Coherent States Photon Sucking and the Basis of Biological Organization A Book Review of  L. Beloussov: The Dynamic Architecture of a Developing Organism About the Coherence of Biophotons Biophysical Aspects of the Psychic Situation Some Features of Biophotons and their Interpretation in Terms of Coherent States

Who We Are and What We Do

The German Research Group
The German research group is working in the Institute (IIB) in Neuss (F. A. Popp, S. Cohen, Y. Yan and students). Marco Bischof independently works in Berlin.
Six biophoton equipments are available, one for automatic recording of 16 samples, one with four channels for biocommunication measurements, one for electrochemilunescence measurements, a MCP for images of the luminescent subjects on a screen, one with highest sensitivity for basic research and a whole-body counting-biophoton equipment. The equipments are available for all members of the IIB. Besides of basic experimental research, theoretical work is done in Neuss mainly on biological rhythms as well as on modelling of sources and mechanisms of biophoton emission. "Biophotonics" is developed for practical applications like food quality analysis, environmental indicators, contamination of water and other fluids, research on germination of seeds. Investigations on the biophoton field of the human body under different circumstances are performed. At the same time, the IIB in Neuss is the organizational center of the IIB.
The German research groups has permanent contact with some other Institutes in Germany, i.e. the Institute of Microbiology of the University in Hohenheim, the Institute of Botanics of the University in Mainz and the Landwirtschaftskammer Westfalen-Lippe in Münster. At the same time there are intensive contacts with the Institute of Biophysics at the Eastern-Hill University (India), the Center of Frontier Sciences at the Temple University (Philadelphia), the International Consciousness Research Laboratory (Princeton-University), the Open Laboratories of Biophysics at the Hangzhou and the Harbin-Universities (China). Brief Curricula of Principal Investigators:

Name: Fritz-Albert Popp

Born in 1938 in Frankfurt/Main, Germany. He received Diploma in Experimental Physics in 1966 at the University of Würzburg (where Röntgen discoverd X-rays), received the Röntgen-Prize of the University Würzburg, and his PH.D. in Theoretical Physics in 1969 at the University of Mainz. He delivered his Habilitation in Biophysics and Medicine in 1973 at the University of Marburg, received nomination as Professor by the Senate of the University Marburg.  He has received several nominations as Lecturer, Research Fellow, Visiting Professor, or Honorary Professor at Universities in Germany, USA, India, and China. He is an Invited Member of the New York Academy of Sciences, member of the International Consciousness Research Laboratory (ICRL) at Princeton University, President of the Worms Academy of Reformative Medicine, Honorary President of the Center of Documentation of Natural Healing (ZDN), Vice President of the International Institute of Biophysics in Neuss (Germany), and member of the Executive Board of the Center for Frontier Sciences at Temple University (Philadelphia).  He has supervised approximately 30 diploma works and dissertations in physics, biology and medicine, and written approximately 150 publications on basic questions of theoretical physics, biology, complementary medicine and biophotons.

Name: Sophie Cohen

Born in 1968 in France, Degree in Chemistry (1988, University of Technology, Marseille), Licence of Molecular Chemistry (1989, Faculty of Sciences, Marseille), Degree of Ingenieur Chimiste (1991, Ecole Nationale de Chimie de Lille). Responsible for the microbiology and industrial prophylaxis at L'Oreal Belgilux from 1992 to 1993 (Recogne, Belgium). Research on Biophotons (Whole Body Counting) at the Biophoton Institute of  F. A. Popp in the Technology Center and Technology Park II in Kaiserslautern. From 1997 on, Research Assistant in the IIB (Neuss). Member of the Worms Academy of Reformative Medicine.

Name: Ke-Shue Li

Born in 1934 in China. Degree in Physics (1959, Friedrich- Schiller-University, Jena), Ph.D.(1965) and Habilitation (1981) in Physics (Physics Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PICAS). Theoretical Research on Laser Physics (1977 - 1981, PICAS), Research Professor, Work on Biophotons in cooperation with the Institute of Botanics and Biophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing and in F.-A. Popp's Research Group (1981 - 1983 in Worms, from 1987 on in the Technology Center and the Technology Park II in Kaiserslautern), Author of 68 papers on Molecular Spectra, Laser Fusion, Theoretical Physics and mainly Biophotons. Director of the Worms Academy of Reformated Medicine.

Name: Marco Bischof

Born in 1947 St. Gallen, Switzerland. Diploma in Breathing Therapy and Education (1976). Matura certificate (state college for Adults, Zurich, 1981). Studied Cultural and Medical Anthropology, History of Religions, and Psychology at the University of Zurich (1981-85). Independent scholar, science writer, consultant and lecturer, specialized in the history of science, the frontier sciences and holistic medicine. 1988-90 co-founder and member of the advisory board of the Research Laboratory for Biophysical Balneology, Zurzach, Switzerland. Since 1990 founding member and member of the board of directors of the IIB. In 1992 Visiting scholar at the Center for Frontier Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia. 1994-95 Managing Director of the IIB at Neuss. Research and various publications on the history of biology, history of biophysics, history of bioelectromagnetics, on biophoton research and on holistic medicine. www.marcobischof.com

Name: Yu Yan

Born 1971 in Shanghai, China. Bachelor's degree in Biology 1993 at Hangzhou University (now Zhejiang University). Master's degree (Diplom) in Biology 1997 at University Mainz in Germany. Ph.D. 2002 at University Mainz. From 1994 on, research work at International Institute of Biophysics in Germany in the projects "biophotons and seed quality", "food quality control by means of biophotonics" and "biophoton emission of plants".

Present Topics of Research

1. Food Quality in terms of Biophotonics. This research is based on Schrödinger's definition of food quality: food shall work for building up and establishing the high order (negentropy) of the consumer. Biophotons, including the relaxation behaviour of delayed luminescence reflect to some extent the organisational degree of the subject under investigation. Consequently, they are indicators of food quality in Schrodinger's sense. Actually, it turned out that small changes in food quality lead to significant changes in biophotonic parameters. This present research and development include basic research on germination capacity of seeds.
2. Investigations and Development of Electrochemiluminescence.Since the biophoton equipments are rather sensivite to single photons they can be used for measurements of electrochemiluminescence, i.e. the creation of single photons by conductive fluids after application of an electric potential. This method is sensitive enough to register a few bacteria per ml water.
3. Biocommunication: In a double chamber, where two samples can be investigated at the same time by two multipliers, the samples can be visually connected and disconnected by a shutter. By recording the biophoton emission alternatively in phases of visual contact and disconnection, it is possible to analyse biocommunication sytematically in terms of correlation analysis. A coincidence counter between the samples can be used as a new tool of investigating the photocount statistics of the samples under investigation. It provides at the same time a sensitive tool of registering external influences on the system.
4. Biological Rhythms: The biophoton measurements on the whole human body over a period of many months have shown evidence that the biophoton field reflects all the biological rhythms as well as left-right-symmetry of corresponding points on the body in case of healthy people. These results require more basic investigation of biological rhythms and their connection to biophotons.
5. Fields of current research are, in addition, bioelectromagnetism, holistic concepts and the understanding of consciousness and evolutionary development

Development of Biophotons in Popp´s Group
 

1972	F. A. Popp worked as lecturer at the University of Marburg. He found correlations between carcinogenic and optical properties of polycyclic hydrocarbons [1, 2].
1976	B. Ruth, a physicist of the Marburg University, built under the supervision of F. A. Popp a most sensitive equipment (10-17 W) for measuring light emission. In 1976 Ruth and Popp showed evidence of a permanent weak light emission in the visible range (400 - 800 nm) from plant and animal cells and tissues [5, 66].
1976	Popp introduced the term "biophotons" in order to express the biological origin (like bioluminescence) and the quantum character of this radiation of an intensity of a few photons /(s cm²) [2].
1979	Evidence of the proportionality of the excitation temperature of the biophotons and their frequency [3, 6].
1981	Introduction of photocount statistics (PCS) of biophotons. Evidence of the Poissonian distribution of biophoton-PCS [18].
1981	Rattemeyer (a diploma student of Popp), Popp and Nagl showed evidence of the DNA as a source of biophotons [65].
1981	Evidence of the hyperbolic relaxation of delayed luminescence of biophoton emission[18].
1981-99	Evidence of the coherence of biophoton field [27].
1981-99	Evidence of intra- and intercellular biocommuincation by means of biophotons [28].
1976-81	Popp traced the tumor problem back to a definite loss of coherence of the biophoton field [18, 26, 1, 2].
1981-99	Introduced biophotonics for food quality assessment [15].
1997	Cohen and Popp showed evidence of biological rhythms of the human body indicated by biophotons [30, 31] as well as of indication to health and disease.
1992	Popp proposed the expansion of coherent states as the driving force of biological evolution [14].
1992	Gu, Li and Popp proposed in particular squeezed states as organization principle of the biophoton field in biological systems [26].
1994	Popp and Zhang traced the log-normal distribution of physiological parameters back to the coherence of the biophoton field [70, 71].
1977-99	Evidence of biophotons for triggering all the biochemical reactions in the living cell [17, 26].
1995-98	Chang and Popp showed evidence that electroluminescence is the most sensitive tool for assessment of changes of the quality of fluids, including microbial infection [72].
1995-98	Popp, Chang, and Shen showed evidence for non-substantial biocommunication by means of biophotons [72].
1998	Popp and Chang proposed phase conjugation effects as mechanism of non-substantial biocommunication.(Photon Sucking and the Basis of Biological Organization)

Definition of Biophotons

This term was used the first time by F. A. Popp (1976) in order to describe a permanent light emission from all biological systemsin terms of single photons, indicating a biological quantum phenomenon. The intensity ranges from a few up to some hundred photons/(s cm²) within a spectral range from at least 300 to 800 nm. The spectral distribution is flat, following almost a f = const. - law which means that the excitation temperature increases proportional to the frequency under consideration. The photocount statistics follows a Poissonian distribution, the relaxation of delayed luminescence (photon intensity after illumination of the system in darkness) follows not an exponential (exp (-at)) but a hyperbolic (1/t) law. Every change in the biological or physiological state of the living system is reflected by a corresponding change of biophoton emission.

Research Facilities

Basic facilities for biochemical and biological research in Neuss, include:

• Culture facilities for biological materials with laminar flow and temperature-regulated incubators
• Light-microscopic facilities with video-cinematographic registration
• Spectrophotometric facilities

• Single Photon Counting System for General Measurements
• Double Chamber for Coincidence Measurements
• Whole-Body (Large Surface)-Counting System
• Electroluminescence Measurement System
• Multi-Chamber-Analyzer

Development and Commercial Projects

"Biophotonen" is a company working for development and practical applications of biophotonics. The work is based on a variety of patents. "Biophotonen" solves practical problems of food industry, environmental industry, cosmetics, agriculture and other branches. The service concerns

• Quality of food in terms of negentropy parameters
• Quality of water and fluids
• Optimization of quality
• Effects and side effects of pollutants

References

1. Popp, F.A.: Molecular Aspects of Carcinogenesis. In: Deutsch, E., Moser, K., Rainer, H., Stacher, A.(eds.): Molecular Base of Malignancy. Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 1976, pp. 47-55.
2. Popp, F.A.: Biophotonen: Ein neuer Weg zur Lösung des Krebsproblems. Schriftenreihe Krebsgeschehen, Bd. 6. Verlag für Medizin Dr. Ewald Fischer, Heidelberg 1976. 2. verbesserte und erweiterte Auflage 1984.
3. Popp, F.A.: Vom Wesen des Lebens: Analyse der Strahlung aus biologischen Systemen. Umschau, Vol. 79, Heft 8 (1979), pp. 235-239.
4. Popp, F.A.: Photons and their importance to biology. In: Wolkowski, Z.W. (ed.): Proceedings of the International Symposium on Wave Therapeutics - Interaction of non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation with living systems; Versailles, 19.-20. Mai 1979. Université de Paris-Val de Marne, Créteil 1983, pp.43-59.
5. Popp, F.A.: Experimental investigations on ultraweak photon emission from biological systems. In: Schram, Eric P., Stanley, P.(eds.): Proceedings International symposium on analytical applications of bioluminescence and chemilumiscence, Brüssel 1978, pp. 601-617.
6. Popp, F.A.: Coherent photon storage of biological systems. In: Popp, F.A., Becker, G., König, H.L, Peschka, W. (Hrsg.): Electromagnetic Bio-information. Proceedings of the symposium, Marburg, 5. September 1977. Urban & Scharzenberg, München-Wien-Baltimore 1979.
7. Popp, F.A.: Biologie des Lichts. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin-Hamburg 1984.
8. Popp, F.A.: Principles of quantum biology as demonstrated by ultraweak photon emission from living cells. In: Proceedings of the international conference on lasers '85, 2.-6. Dez.1985, The Society of Optical & Quantum Electronics, Las Vegas, pp. 311-316.
9. Popp, F.A.: On the coherence of ultraweak photon emission from living tissues. In: Kilmister, C.W. (ed.): Disequilibrium and self-organisation. D. Reidel, Dordrecht-Boston 1986, pp. 207-230.
10. Popp, F.A.: On the coherence of ultraweak photon emission from living tissues. In: Jezowska-Trzebiatowska, B., et al.(eds.): Photon emission from biological systems. World Scientific Publishers, Singapore 1987, pp. 137-152.
11. Popp, F.A.: Some essential questions of biophoton research, and probable answers. In: Popp, F.A., Li, K.H., Gu, Q.(eds.): Recent advances in biophoton research and its applications. World Scientific Publishing, Singapore 1992, pp. 1-46.
12. Popp, F.A.: Evolution as the expansion of coherent states. In: Popp, F.A., Li, K.H., Gu, Q.(eds.): Recent advances in biophoton research and its applications. World Scientific Publishing, Singapore 1992, pp. 445-456.
13. Popp, F.A.: Some remarks on biological consequences of a coherent biophoton field. In: Popp, F.A., Li, K.H., Gu, Q.(eds.): Recent advances in biophoton research and its applications. World Scientific Publishing, Singapore 1992, pp. 357-373.
14. Popp, F.A.: Evolution as expansion of coherent states. In: Rubik, Beverly (ed.): The interrelationship between mind and matter. Center for Frontier Sciences at Temple University, Philadelphia 1992.
15. Popp, F.A.: Die Botschaft der Nahrung: Unsere Lebensmittel in neuer Sicht. Fischer alternativ. Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1993.
16. Popp, F.A.: Electromagnetism and living systems. In: Ho, Mae-Wan, Popp, F.A., Warnke, U.(eds.): Bioelectrodynamics and biocommunication. World Scientific Publishing, Singapore 1994, pp. 33-80.
17. Popp, F.A., Becker, G., König, H.L., Peschka, W. (Hrsg.): Electromagnetic bio-information. Proceedings of the symposium, Marburg, 5. September 1977. Urban & Schwarzenberg, München-Wien-Baltimore 1979. 2. durchges.u.erw. Aufl.1989.
18. Popp, F.A., Ruth, B., Bahr, W., Böhm, J., Grass, P., Grolig, G., Rattemeyer, M., Schmidt, H.G., Wulle, P.: Emission of visible and ultraviolet radiation by active biological systems. Collective Phenomena, Vol. 3 (1981), pp. 187-214.
19. Popp, F.A., Nagl, W.: A physical (electromagnetic) model of differentiation. 2) Application and examples. Cytobios, Vol. 37 (1983), pp. 71-83.
20. Popp, F.A., Li, K.H., Nagl, W.: A thermodynamic approach to the temperature response of biological systems as demonstrated by low level luminescence of cucumber seedlings. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenphysiologie, Vol. 114, Heft 1 (1984), pp. 1-13.
21. Popp, F.A., Nagl, W., Li, K.H., Scholz, W., Weingärtner, O., Wolf, R.: Biophoton emission - New evidence for coherence and DNA as source. Cell Biophysics, Vol. 6 (1984), pp. 33-51.
22. Popp, F.A., Nagl, W.: Towards an understanding of stacked base interactions: Non-equilibrium phase transitions as a possible model. Polymer Bulletin, Vol. 15 (1986), pp. 89-91.
23. Popp, F.A., Gurwitsch, A.A., Inaba, H., Slawinski, J., Cilento, G., van Wijk, R., Chwirot, W.B., Nagl, W.: Biophoton emission (Multi-author review). Experientia, Vol. 44 (1988), pp. 543-600.
24. Popp, F.A., Li, K.H., Mei, W.P., Galle, M., Neurohr, R.: Physical aspects of biophotons. Experientia, Vol. 44 (1988), pp. 576-585.
25. Popp, F.A., Deny, J.: Biophotonen-Information und Chaostheorie. In: Stacher, H. (Hrsg.): Ganzheitsmedizin. Zweiter Wiener Dialog. Facultas Universitätsverlag, Wien 1991, pp. 53-66.
26. Popp, F.A., Li, K.H., Gu, Q. (eds.): Recent advances in biophoton research and its applications. World Scientific Publishing, Singapore 1992.
27. Popp, F.A., Li, K.H.: Hyperbolic relaxation as a sufficient condition of a fully coherent ergodic field. International Journal of Theoretical Physics, Vol. 32, No. 9 (September 1993), pp. 1573-1583.
28. Popp, F.A., Chang, J.J., Gu, Q., Ho. M.W.: Nonsubstantial biocommunication in terms of Dicke's theory. In: Ho, Mae-Wan, Popp, F.A., Warnke, U. (eds.): Bioelectrodynamics and biocommunication. World Scientific Publishing, Singapore 1994, pp. 293-317.
29. Chwirot, W.B., Popp, F.A.: White-light-induced luminescence and mitotic activity of yeat cells. Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica, Vol. 29, No. 4 (1991), pp. 155.
30. Cohen, S., Popp, F.A.: Low-level luminescence of the human skin. Skin Research and Technology, Vol. 3 (1997), pp. 177-180.
31. Cohen, S., Popp, F.A.: Biophoton emission of the human body. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, Vol. 40 (1997), pp. 187-189.
32. Etienne, J.J., Popp, F.A.: Low-level luminescence of Acetabularia acetabulum as a tool for evaluating innocuity and efficiency of cosmetic ingredients. 17th IFSCC International Congress, Yokohama 1992.
33. Galle, M., Neurohr, R., Altmann, G., Popp, F.A., Nagl, W.: Biophoton emission from Daphnia magna: A possible factor in the self-regulation of swarming. Experientia, Vol. 47 (1991), pp. 457-460.
34. Gu, Q.: The Differential Equations Describing Field-Matter Interaction and their Applications to Coherent Non-linear Optics. Proceedings of the 2nd National Conference on Fundamental Optical Science, p.45, Harbin, China 1984.
35. Gu, Q.: Interactions of Laser Radiation with a Biological Cell. Optics News (USA), Vol. 12 (1986), 209.
36. Gu, Q.: Some Non-linear Effects in Superradiance. (review) Quantum Electronics (China), Vol. 4 (1987), 107.
37. Gu, Q.: Quantum Beats in Superradiance. Chin. Phys. Lasers (USA), Vol. 14 (1987), 709.
38. Gu, Q.: Squeezing in Superradiance. Chin. Phys. Lasers (USA), Vol. 15 (1988), 218.
39. Gu, Q.: Chaos in Superradiance. Proceedings of the 6th National Conference on Nonequilibrium Statistical Physics, p. 1013, Wulumuqi, China 1988.
40. Gu, Q.: The Ultraweak Photon Emission from Biological Systems (review). Quantum Electronics (China), Vol. 5 (1988), 186.
41. Gu, Q.: Photon Statistics in Ultraweak Photon Emission from Living Systems. Bull Am. Phys. Soc. (USA), Vol. 33 (1988), 1636.
42. Gu, Q.: Ultraweak Photonemission from Living Systems (review). Science (China), Vol. 41 (1989), 35.
43. Gu, Q.: An Outline of Superradiance Research (review). Physics (China), Vol. 18 (1989), 15.
44. Gu, Q.: Analogy Between Life Phenomenon and Laser. Chin. J. Infrared Research (USA), Vol. 8 (1989), 69.
45. Gu, Q.: Ultraweak Photon Emission from Living Systems (lecture). Physics (China), Vol. 18 (1989), 235.
46. Gu, Q.: Potential Well Model and its Application in the Study of Organism Colouring. Chin. J. Infrared Research (USA), Vol. 8 (1989), 543.
47. Gu, Q.: Quantum Theory of Biophoton Emission. In: Recent Advances in Biophoton Research and its Applications, Popp F. A., Li K. H. and Gu Q.(eds.) pp. 59-114, World Scientific, Singapore, New Jersey, London, Hong Kong (1992).
48. Gu, Q., Popp, F.A.: Nonlinear response of biophoton emission to external perturbations. Experientia, Vol. 48 (1992), No. 11-12, pp. 1069-1082.
49. Gu, Q., Popp F.A.: Physical Aspects of Biophoton Emission (invited paper). Third Arnold-Rikli-Symposium (Biologic Effects of Light), Basel, Switzerland (1993), also Photoimmunology & Photomedicine (USA), Vol. 9 (1993), 177.
50. Gu, Q., Popp F.A.: Biophoton Physics: A Potential Measure of Organisational Order. In: Biologic Effects of Light, Jung E. G. and Holick M. F. (eds.), pp. 425-443, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, New York (1994).
51. Gu, Q., Popp F.A.: Biophoton Emission as a Potential Measure of Organisational Order. Science in China (English Edition), Vol. B37 (1994), 1099.
52. Gu, Q.: Optical Soliton and Biophoton Emission (invited paper). Proceedings in 5th Conference of the Society of Chinese Physicists in Germany, Worms, Germany (1994).
53. Gu, Q.: Quantum Interference between Coherent States. In: Biophotonics, Beloussov L. V. and Popp F. A.(eds.) pp. 115-135, Bioinform Services Co., Moscow (1995).
54. Gu, Q.: Biophotons and Nonclassical Light In: Biophotonics. to be published by D. Reidel Publ. Comp.(1998).
55. Ho, M.W., Popp, F.A.: Maxwell's demon, resonance and coherence in living systems. Paper presented at the 3rd Camelford conference on the implications of the Gaia thesis: "Symbiosis, cooperativity and coherence", 7.-10. November, 1989, The Wadebridge Ecological Center, Camelford, Cornwall, UK.
56. Ho, M.W., Popp, F.A.: The evolution of biological form and organization without natural selection. Proceedings of the AAAS symposium on nonrandom evolution: "Matter, life, mind". Washington, DC, 14.-19. February, 1991.
57. Ho, M.W., Ross, S., Bolton, H., Popp, F.A., Li, X.X.: Electrodynamic activities and their role in the organization of body pattern. Journal of Scientific Exploration, Vol. 6, No. 1 (1992), pp. 59-77.
58. Ho, M.W., Popp, F.A.: Biological organization, coherence, and light emission from living organisms. In: W. Stein, F.J.Varela (eds.): Thinking about biology. SFI Studies in the Sciences of Complexity, Lectures Notes, Vol. III, Addison-Wesley, 1992.
59. Ho, M.W., Popp, F.A., Warnke, U. (eds.): Bioelectrodynamics and biocommunication. World Scientific Publishing, Singapore 1994.
60. Li, K.H., Popp, F.A., Nagl, W., Klima, H.: Indications of optical coherence in biological systems and its possible significance. In: Fröhlich, H., Kremer, F. (eds.): Coherent Excitations in Biological Systems (1983), pp. 117-122.
61. Li, K.H., Popp, F.A.: Non-exponential decay law of radiation systems with coherent rescattering. Physics Letters, Vol. 93A (17.Januar 1983), No.5, pp. 262-266.
62. Li, K.H., Popp, F.A.: Dynamics of DNA excited states. In: Mishra, R.K. (ed.): Molecular and biological physics of living systems. Kluwer, Boston-Dordrecht 1990, pp. 31-52.
63. Li, K.H., Popp, F.A.: Coherence and some quantum paradoxes. In: Popp, F.A., Li, K.H., Gu, Q.(eds.): Recent advances in biophoton research and its applications. World Scientific Publishing, Singapore 1992, pp. 421-438.
64. Nagl, W., Popp, F.A.: Opposite long-range interactions between normal and malignant cells. In: Barrett, T.W., Pohl, H.A. (eds.): Energy transfer dynamics. Springer Verlag, Berlin-New-York 1987, pp. 248-256.
65. Rattemeyer, M., Popp, F.A., Nagl, W.: Evidence of photon emission from DNA in living systems. Naturwissenschaften, Vol. 68, Nr. 11 (1981), pp. 572-573.
66. Ruth, B, Popp F.A.: Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur ultraschwachen Photonenemission biologischer Systeme. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung, Vol 31c (1976) 741-745
67. Slawinski, J., Popp, F.A.: Temperature hysteresis of low-level luminescence from plants and its thermodynamical analysis. Journal of Plant Physiology, Vol. 130 (1987), pp. 111-123.
68. van Wijk, R., Tilbury, R.N., Slawinski, J., Ezzahir, A., Godlewski, M., Kwiecinska, T., Rajfur, Z., Sitko, D., Wierzuchowska, D., Kochel, B., Qu, Q, Popp, F.A., Lilius,E.-M., Marnila, P., Aken, J.M. van: Multi-author review on biophoton emission, stress and disease. Experientia, Vol. 48 (1992), No. 11-12, pp. 1092-1102.
69. van Wijk, R., van Aken, J.M., Mei, W.P., Popp, F.A.: Light-induced photon emission by mammalian cells. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, Vol. 18 (1993), pp. 75-79.
70. Zhang, C.-L., Popp.F.A.: Log-normal distribution of physiological parameters and the coherence of biological systems. Medical Hypotheses, Vol.43 (1994) pp. 11-16.
71. Zhang, C.-L., Popp.F.A., Bischof, M. (eds.): Current development of Biophysics: the stage from an ugly duckling to a beautiful swan. Hangzhou University Press, Hangzhou, 1996.
72. Chang J.J., J. Fisch, Popp, F.A. (eds.): Biophotons. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1998.
73. Popp, F. A.: Biophotons and Their Regulatory Role in Cells. Frontier Perspectives (The Center for Frontier Sciences at Temple University, Philadelphia), 7 (1998), 13-22.
74. Popp, F. A. and J. J. Chang: Photon Sucking and the Basis of Biological Organization.
75. Popp, F. A.:  A Book Review of  L. Beloussov: The Dynamic Architecture of a Developing Organism. An Interdisciplinary Approach to the Development of Organism. Kluwer Academic Pblishers, 1998. Dordrecht, Boston, London. 238p.
76. F.A. Popp, J.J. Chang, A. Herzog, Z. Yan and Y. Yan: Evidence of Non-Classical (Squeezed) Light in Biological Systems. Physics Letters A, 293 (1-2) (2002), pp 98-102.
77. Fritz-Albert Popp and Yu Yan: Delayed Luminescence of Biological Systems in Terms of Coherent States. Physics Letters A, 293 (1-2) (2002) pp, 93-97.
78. S. Cohen, F. A. Popp, Y. Yan: Nonlocal effects of biophoton emission from the human body.
79. F. A. Popp: Consciousness as Evolutionary Process based on Coherent States.
80. F. A. Popp: Molecular Base of Life.